Hyakunin Isshu, Poem 23

tsuki mireba
chiji ni mono koso
kanashikere
waga mi hitotsu no
aki ni wa aranedo
    ????
??????
????
???????
???????
when I view the moonI feel the sadnessof a thousand things
yet it is not autumnfor me alone
Oe no Chisato (fl. 889-923)

[Oe no Chisato]
When viewing the moon, the poet experiences the sad feelings brought about by autumn. 
The idea that autumn was a season of sadness (and, for example, not of joyful harvesting) was introduced by Chinese poetry and had become conventional in the early Heian-period (in the course of the 9th c.). It was often combined with feelings of loneliness. 
It is perhaps not coincidental that the present poet, Oe no Chisato, was one of the most famous poets in Chinese of his day; he also created a bridge between Chinese and Japanese poetry by writing the Kudai Waka in 894, where he composed 110 waka poems each based on a line of Chinese shi-poetry.  Although not part of the Kudai Waka, also for the present poem a Chinese origin has been suggested: in the Yanzilou sanshou, three jueju by Bai Juyi (772-846) which were also included in the Japanese anthology Wakan Roeishu. The first of these was probably alluded to by Oe no Chisato and is as follows:
????????????????????????????
The bright moon fills my window, frost fills my curtainsMy blanket is cold, the lamp's last light brushes my bed. In Swallow Tower, the frosty moonlit night,Since autumn came, is for me alone drawn-out.
[B...